Fuel pump for internal-combustion engines



1,481,6fl6 K. J. E. HESSELMAN FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Jane 229 Filed Oct. 5. 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet Hi l .H H wH NIIHIIIIII lllllfi IHII'HI HIIHIHIII jam 22, 1924. 1,481,666

K. J. E. HESSELMAN FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed 001:. 5. 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jam. 22, 19% 1,481,6G6

, K. J. E. HESSELMAN FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 5. 1922 4 Sheets-She et '5 illlllllllllllfl.

am 22, 1924. mmm

K. J. E. HESSELMAN FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Oct. 5. 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 stem ed Jan. 22, 1924. I

KNUT JONAS ELIAS HESSELMAN, F S ALTSJO-STORANGEN, SWEDEN.

FF'ICE.

FUEL PUMP FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed October 3; 1922. Serial No. 592,103.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KNUT JONAS ELIAS HESSELMAN, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden, residing at Saltsjo-Storangen, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fuel Pumps for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

In fuel sup-ply pumps for internal combustion engines in which the fuel oil is forced by the pump into the combustion chamber without the aid of air under pressure, it has already been proposed to adjust both the moment of injection and the amount injected, by means of the suction valve or another valve adapted to return oil from the pump and into the suction conduit. To this end the said valve is maintained in open state during the first portion of the discharge stroke of .the pump -and is closed, when the injection is about to take place, and is again opened prior to the end of the pressure stroke to adjust the amount to be injected.

The object of the invention is to provide simple and reliable and readily adjustable means to control the suction valve or said other valve for effecting the said adjustments.

In the accompanying drawing, four embodiments of the invention are illustrated. Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the first embodiment, both of said views showing certain parts in section. Figs. 3 and 4 are corresponding views of the second embodiment. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the third embodiment, and Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the fourth embodiment.

With reference to Fig. 1, the numeral 1 indicates the casing of a fuel pump having a suction passage or conduit 2 and a suction valve -2 controlling the communication between the p-assage 2 and the pump chamber part of which is shown at 2 As the pump is of well knowncharaeter it is not necessary to illustrate same more nearly in this connection. To control the suction valve 2 there is provided a pin 3 supported by a plunger 4 acted on by aspring 5 in a direction away from the suction valve. The piston 4 rests on a lever 7 pivoted at 6. The lever 7 rests in turn on two rollers 8, also shown in Fig. 2,- mounted on a journal 9 carried by two links or bars 10. The said bars 10 are given a movement in proportion to the movement of the pump plunger, as by means of links 100 connected .to said bars and to the sliding 'block 101 mounted in any suitable guide-way and rigidly connected to the pump plunger 102. The journal pin 9 carries also two rollers 11, 12, having a smaller diameter than that of the rollers 8 and situated between the rollers 8. The

. rollers 11, 12 engage each the cam shaped upper surface of an adjustable block 13and 14, respectively. The blocks 13, 14 are slidably mounted on a stationary base member or guide-way 15 rigidly connected to the pump casing by means of standards 16 said guide-way 15 being parallel to the direction of movement of the bars 10. The upper surface of the block 13 comprises an elevated horizontal portion 17 and a lower horizontal portion 18, connected together by an inclined surface 19. Similarly, the upper surface of the block 14 comprises an elevated horizontal portion 20 and a lower horizontal dportion 21, connected together by an incline surface 22. The block 13 may be adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the guide-way 15, as by means of a screw 23 and a hand-wheel 24 associated therewith, while the-block 14 is connected to the governor of the engine.

The operation of the apparatus described is as follows: Let it beassumed that the movement of the bars 10 is such that the rollers 8, 8, 11, 12 will be in their extreme position to the right, as the discharge stroke of the pump plunger begins. and will be in their extreme position to the left, as the discharge stroke ends. In the said first-mentioned position the roller 11 engages the surface 17, while in the said last-mentioned position the roller 11 engages the surface 14 so that the rollers 8 will in both of the extreme positions of the bars 10 maintain the plunger 4 in elevated position thereby maintaining the suction valve in open state. As the roller 11 during its movement from its extreme position to the right descends along the inclined surface 18, the bars 10 with the rollers 8 will descendaccordingly thereby allowing the suction valve to close. Then oil is pumped by the pump plunger to the engine. In the contained movement of the bars 10 inthe direction to the left,

the roller 12 will come into engagement with the inclined surface 20 and will ascend along said 'surface' and when reaching the elevated surface 20, the opening of the suction valve is efiected, thereby interrupting the supply of oil to the engine. By turning the hand wheel 24 the block 13 having the inclined surface 19 may be displaced to change-the moment at which the injection begins, and by transmission of motion from the governor and to the block 14 the engine is allowed to itself adjust the time of interruption of the injection and thus also the amount injected. It is apparent, that it is not absolutely necessary that the blocks 13 and 14 are situated side by side. They may, if desired, be placed in series on the same straight line, with each of the rollers 11 and 12 mounted on a separate journal In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the members 1-7. inclusive, are constructed in a manner similar to that above described. Mounted to slide on the guide-way 15 is a single block 30, having two inclined surfaces 19 and 22, of which the former connects the elevated horizontal surface 17 with the lower horizontal surface 18. while the inclined surface 22 connects the elevated horizontal surface 20 with the lower horizontal surface 21. Cooperating with the said surfaces 17 and 18 is a roller 11 and cooperating with the surfaces 20, 21 is a roller 12. The roller 11 is carried by a link 31 pivotally connected to a nut 32 adjustable in the direction of movement of the block 30 by means of the screw 33 and the handwheel 34 associated therewith. The roller 13 is carried by a link 35 connected to the governor of the engine (not shown). In this embodiment, the member 30 reciprocates in proportion to the movement of the pump plunger (not shown). The function is for the rest similar to that described above. By means of the hand-wheel 34: adjustment of the moment of injection is effected by moving the roller 11, the engine determining itself the amount of injection by means of the governor and the roller 12. lso in this embodiment it is only for the sake of simplicity that the surfaces engaged by the rollers 11, 12 are placed at the side of each other instead of in series.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 the lever 7 is mounted to move in proportion to the movement of the pump plunger. The said lever 7 is formed with inclined surfaces 19 and 22 on its side remote from the plunger 4. Said inclined surfaces form connection between two lower horizontal surfaces 17 and 20 and a common elevated horizontal surface 50 corresponding to the two surfaces 18, 21 of the embodiment just described, when placed in series. The surface 50 is, therefore, of a comparatively great length. Engaging the said surfaces on the under side of the lever 7 are two rollers 11 and 12 each of which is mounted in a block 51 and 52, respectively, slidably mounted on the stationary guide-way 15.

The block 51 may be displaced by means of the screw 53 and the hand-wheel 54 associated therewith, while the block 52 is controlled by the governor of the engine. The operation is similar to that previously described. In order to reduce friction between the reciprocating lever 7 and the plun er 4 the latter may, preferably, be provi ed with an antifriction roller 55 engaging the lever 7.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the journal pin 6 of the lever 7 is adapted to be connected to the governor to be moved thereb in the longitudinal direction of the lever.

he lever 7 is formed with an inclined surface 22 on its side remote from the plunger 4 said inclined surface connecting an elevated horizontal surface 21 and a lower horizontal surface 20. Slidably mounted on the stationary guide-way 15 is the block 61 which may be controlled manually by means of the screw 63 and the hand wheel 64. as sociated therewith. Said block 61 is formed with an inclined surface 19 situated between an elevated horizontal surface 17 and a lower horizontal surface 18. Inserted between the lever 7 and the block 61 is the bar 10 reciprocating in roportion to the pump plunger by means not shown). The bar 10 carries a roller 11 engaging the block 61 and a roller 12 engaging the lever 7 The operation is similar to that previously described. In Fig. 6 the pump plunger 1s indicated at 100.

It is apparent that many other modifications than those above described maybe made without departing from the principle of the invention.

While in the above description the valve 2 has been referred to as being the suction .valve of the pump, it should be observed,

that said valve may also be another valve which, when opened, effects connection between the ump chamber and the suction side thereof? Furthermore, in all of the embodiments illustrated the member (such as a roller or a cam element) that effects the opening of the valve near the end of the discharge stroke of the pump has been referred to as controlled by the governor of the engine. Said member, however, may be controlled in any different way, as manually.

What I claim is .1. In a fuel pump arrangement for internal combustion "engines, including a pum plunger, a pump chamber, a suction conduit and a valve controlling the connection between the pump chamber and the suction therewith to control said valve so as to main-c tain same open during the first and lastportlons of the pressure stroke of the pump,

said cam elements and said other members having a movement relative to each other proportionate to the pump movement, the said cam elements and said other members being adjustable relatively to each other while in operation.

2. In a fuel pump arrangement-for internal combustion engines, including aplun er, a suction conduit, a pum chamber, an a valve between said cham r and said conduit, the combination with said valve of two cam elements, and two rollers cooperating with said cam elements and said valve, said cam elements and said rollers being movable relatively to each other in roportion to the movement of the pump p unger, said cam elements and said rollers being also adjustable relatively to each other.

3. ha fuel pump arrangement for internal combustion engines including a plun er, a suction conduit, a pum chamber, an a. valve between said cham er and said con duit, the combination with said valve of two independently adjustable cam elements, and.

two rollers cooperating with said cam elements and said valve, said rollers being adapted to reciprocate rectilinearly in the direction of adjustment of the cam elements the rate of said movement bein proportionate to the movement of t e pump plun%er.

4. n a fuel pump arran ment for internal combustion engines inc uding a. plunger,

asuetion conduit, a pum chamber, and a valve between said cham er and said conduit, the combination withsaid valve of two cam elementspof which one is adapted to be controlled manually, and the other to be controlled by overnor, and two rollers cooperating wit said cam elements and said valve, said rollers being adapted to reciprocate rectilinearly in the direction of ad ustment of the cam elements the rate of said movement being proportionate to the movement of the pump plunger.

In testimony whereof I name.

have signed my Jams was mssumn. 

